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: ''For other uses of the term in other fields, see Parity (disambiguation)''. In biology and human medicine, gravidity and parity are two terms that refer to the number of times a female has been pregnant (gravidity) and carried the pregnancies to a viable gestational age (parity). These terms are usually coupled, sometimes with additional terms, to indicate more details of the woman's obstetric history. When using these terms: * Gravida indicates the number of times the woman has been pregnant, regardless of whether these pregnancies were carried to term. A current pregnancy, if any, is included in this count. * Parity, or "para" indicates the number of >20-week births (including viable and non-viable; i.e., stillbirths) (>24 in UK). Pregnancies consisting of multiples, such as twins or triplets, count as ''one'' birth for the purpose of this notation. * Abortus is the number of pregnancies that were lost for any reason, including induced abortions or miscarriages. The abortus term is sometimes dropped when no pregnancies have been lost. Stillbirths are not included. ==Gravidity== In human medicine, "gravidity" refers to the number of times a woman has been pregnant,〔 regardless of whether the pregnancies were interrupted or resulted in a live birth. * The term "gravida" can be used to refer to a pregnant woman. * A "nulligravida" is a woman who has never been pregnant. * A "primigravida" is a woman who is pregnant for the first time or has been pregnant one time. * A "multigravida" or "secundigravida" is a woman who has been pregnant more than one time. Terms such as "gravida 0", referring to a nulligravida, "gravida 1" for a primigravida, and so on, can also be used. The term "elderly primigravida" has also been used to refer to a woman in her first pregnancy, who is at least 35 years old. In biology, the term "gravid" ((ラテン語:gravidus) "burdened, heavy"〔''Oxford English Dictionary''〕) is used to describe the condition of an animal (most commonly fish or reptiles) when carrying eggs internally. For example, ''Astatotilapia burtoni'' females can transform between reproductive states, one of which is gravid, and the other non-gravid. In entomology it describes a mated female insect. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gravidity and parity」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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